What is the most common cause of COPD?

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is primarily caused by long-term exposure to irritants that damage the lungs and airways. The most significant and prevalent cause is long-term smoking. Cigarette smoke introduces numerous harmful substances that lead to inflammation, airway obstruction, and damage to lung tissue, resulting in the development of COPD over time.

In the case of smoking, the harmful particles and gases from the smoke contribute to the changes seen in the lung structure and function, such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis. While other factors like air pollution and genetic predispositions can indeed play a role in the development of COPD, they are generally considered secondary to the influence of smoking. The strong association between smoking and the incidence of COPD is well-documented, making it the most common cause of this disease.